Tet-1& Tet-2 Exam Material વિભાગ -૧ ગુજરાતનો ઇતિહાસ.
History of Gujarat.
Gujarat is located on the west coast of India. Its northern border is with Pakistan, India and Rajasthan, eastern border with Madhya Pradesh, southern border with Maharashtra, Union Territory of Diu, Daman, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and eastern and southern border with Arabian Ocean.
Gujarat: The name of the state is derived from Gujarat Gujjar. Who in E.S. 700 and AD. He ruled here during 800.
Ancient history
Gujjars first settled in the province of Gujarat. Which is part of India and present day Pakistan and Afghanistan. Hunas invaded North India and Saurashtra. It passed away from the caste name. Which later transformed into Hinduism, Muslim, Christianity and Sikhism.
During excavations, geologists found remains of the Pashan era in the land of Gujarat and in the region near the Sabarmati and Mahi rivers. Remains of the cities of Lothal, Rampur, Acharaj and other places of the Harappan civilization have also been found.
Tet-1& Tet-2 Exam Material વિભાગ -૧ ગુજરાતનો ઇતિહાસ મટેરિયલ ડાઉનલોડ કરવા માટે નીચે આપેલ લીંક પર ક્લિક કરો.
Ancient Gujarat was also ruled by Maurya rulers. Emperor Chandragupta Maurya won some places of Gujarat. When his grandson Emperor Ashoka expanded it. Three early Mauryan stupas were found. Is. With the death of Emperor Ashoka in 232 BC, his empire came to an end due to political dissensions. King Shungaru brought an end to the Maurya Empire through political acumen.
After the fall of the Maurya Empire, the Cathalysts settled in this province in AD. Ruled from 130 to 390. Under the rule of Rudra Daman, the empire gained Malwa (Madhya Pradesh), Saurashtra, Kutch and Rajasthan. Is. Between 300 and 400 this region came under the control of the Gupta Empire, later known as Maitraka. During the reign of the Poles, the great Chinese traveler and thinker Hu-en-tsang wrote in a.d. Visited India in 640.During the fall of the Maurya Empire and the rise of Samprati Saurashtra, there was a Greek invasion of Gujarat under Demetrius. The number of local kingdoms was 23. His three main Hindu kingdoms were Chavura, Solanki and Baghilah. He ruled India for 575 years. When Gujarat was in the possession of Mohammedans. Chavura caste ruled for 196 years. After him the Solanki caste ruled.
Is. Solanki rule came during 900. During the Solanki rule, the largest area of Gujarat was under their control. The Gurjars belonged to the Solanki caste. Because the Pratiharas, Parmaras and Solankis resemble the Gujars. The last Hindu rulers of ancient Gujarat were Solankis and Rajputs. Who in E.S. Ruled from 960 to 1243. It is believed that the last Hindu ruler of Gujarat was Karandeva Vaghela. In 297 AD, Sultan Aladdin of Delhi was defeated by Khilji.
Tet-1& Tet-2 Exam Material વિભાગ -૧ ગુજરાતનો ઇતિહાસ ઓનલાઈન ટેસ્ટ આપવા માટે નીચેની લીંક પર ક્લિક કરો.
Medieval Invasions
Muslim rule lasted for 400 years. Zafar Khan Muzaffar took advantage of the then weak Sultan of Delhi to become the first independent Sultan of Gujarat. He revealed his name as Muzaffar Shah. Ahmad I, who became the first independent Muslim ruler in the province of Gujarat in a.d. In 1411, Ahmedabad was developed on the banks of the Sabarmati.
Earlier, E.S. 1026 Mohammad Ghazni invaded Gujarat. He was against idolatry. He destroyed idols in the kingdom, killed infidels, captured soldiers captured in battle and looted the wealth of rich Gujarat. Gujarat was world famous for its wealth. Then Alauddin Khilji E.S. Came to Gujarat in 1298.
The then Sultan of Gujarat E.S. Remained independent till 1576. Mughal Emperor Akbar incorporated Gujarat into the Mughal Empire. He annexed Malwa and Gujarat to the Mughal Empire in AD. Incorporated in 1570. The Mughals ruled for two centuries. In the middle of the 18th century, the great Maratha general Chhatrapati Shivaji captured the province of Gujarat with his influence and skill.
Influence of advanced method
Is. In the 1600s, the Dutch, French, English and Portuguese, each came from the coastal areas of Gujarat and developed their own territories, with the regions of Daman, Diu and Dadra and Nagarhaveli as the main ones.
The British East India Company conducted its trading activities e. S. Started at Surat in 1614. But in AD After taking over Mumbai from the Portuguese in 1668, they moved their business operations to Mumbai. The Company remained in control of most of Gujarat with the Maratha ruler. Many local rulers like the Maratha Gaekwad of Vadodara made their peace with the British government and then ruled under British rule.
Gujarat was governed by the then ruler of Bombay. It did not include Vadodara, which was directly under the Governor General of India. Is. From 1818 to 1947 AD, today's Gujarat was divided into many small areas like Kathiawar, Kutch and North West Gujarat. But many central districts like Ahmedabad, Bharuch, Kheda, Panchmahal and Surat Provinces were directly under the British Government.
A new era began with Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi's freedom movement. In which Gujarati leaders like Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, Morarji Desai, Mohanlal Pandya, Bhulabhai Desai, Ravi Shankar Maharaj etc. Gujarat has witnessed many national events. Satyagraha, Bardoli's Satyagraha, Borsad's Satyagraha and Mitha's Satyagraha.
Mahagujarat movement
After independence In 1948, the Mahagujarat Convention was held in which the Gujarati-speaking areas demanded their own separate state and in AD On May 1, 1960, the joint Mumbai-Gujarat was divided and Maharashtra and Gujarat were formed into two separate states. Gujarati speaking areas include Gujarat, Saurashtra and Kutch. Thus for the first time Gujarat got the status of an independent state.
political system
Is. After independence in 1947, the Indian National Congress ruled the state of Mumbai. (Bombay represents today's Maharashtra and Gujarat.) Congress continued to rule in Gujarat even after partition. Is. As a result of the emergency imposed during 1975-1977, the position of the Congress weakened in Gujarat. However, Congress ruled in Gujarat till 1995.
After partition in E.S. Since 1960, 14 Chief Ministers came to Gujarat. First Chief Minister of Gujarat Dr. Jivaraj became Narayan Mehta. Who ruled from 1st May 1960 to 19th September 1963. Is. The Congress was defeated in the 1995 assembly elections and Shri Keshubhai Patel of the Bharatiya Janata Party took over the governance of the state.
In the year 2001, Shri Narendra Modi came to power. The Bharatiya Janata Party also won a majority in the 2002 elections and Narendra Modi served as the Chief Minister from 7 October 2001 to 21 May 2014. On 1 June 2007, he became the longest-serving Chief Minister.
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